Indirect Method

This centuries old technique has its origins in China where it was used to record stone carvings of calligraphy or other subjects. Moist paper is pressed into the carved surface relief of a stone. Black sumi ink is rubbed on the surface of the paper using cloth dabbers. In contrast to the direct method the image produced by this method is oriented right way around.

Following introduction into Japan the technique was modified to record images of fishes. The earliest known fish prints date from the mid-1800’s and record trophy fishes caught for feasts or by anglers in northern Japan. Fishermen-artists, such as Shimizu, were instrumental in refining early crude styles into the sophisticated art form known today as gyotaku. Japanese gyotaku artists mold moist, long-fiber paper or soft, thin cloth over the delicate surface relief of a fish, lobster, leaf or other natural subject to be printed. Black sumi inks or colored pigments are applied by hand with dabbers or tampos of several different sizes. When finished the artist paints in the eye to complete the print. In the Japanese tradition of fish printing touch-ups are not allowed.